Budget Hotels in Sofia

Aris Hotel

Location: F-7, ul. Knyaz Boris 203
Contact: Tel: 931 31 77

Aris Hotel is a small and quiet hotel located on a leafy street. It is very close to Sofia’s main train and bus stations, which makes it perfect for travelers who need easy transport connections.

The hotel offers simple but comfortable rooms. The rooms have soft, relaxing colors and high ceilings that make the rooms feel open and airy. Each room includes a TV and a hairdryer for guests’ convenience.

If you are traveling with family or a group, the apartments with fold-down sofa beds are a great option. These provide extra space and comfort without costing too much.

Brod Hotel

Location: H-8, Simeonovsko Shose 66
Contact: Tel: 968 19 80

Brod Hotel is a suburban hotel recently built to offer excellent value for money. It is located on Simeonovsko Shose, a busy road on the outskirts of Sofia. Although this street is not the most exciting part of the city, the hotel itself is welcoming and comfortable Bulgaria Private Tour.

The rooms are nicely decorated in soft pastel colors mixed with warm terracotta tones. The “luxury” rooms include large bathtubs for relaxing baths, while standard rooms have simple shower units.

The staff at Brod Hotel are friendly and helpful. They will gladly tell you where to find local cafes, shops, and bus stops. Also, taxis from the hotel to the city center are affordable and convenient.

Park Hotel Vitosha

Location: H-8, ul. Rosario 1
Contact: Tel: 816 88 88

Park Hotel Vitosha is a brand new hotel designed in a modern Scandinavian style. The hotel uses light colors and natural wooden surfaces that create a fresh and calm atmosphere.

The rooms come with cooking facilities, which is great if you prefer to prepare your own meals. The hotel is also well equipped with wellness and spa amenities for guests who want to relax and enjoy some pampering.

Located in a peaceful park-like area on the southeastern edge of Sofia, Park Hotel Vitosha offers a quiet escape from the city’s busy streets.

Light Hotel

Location: A-3, ul. Veslets 37
Contact: Tel: 917 90 90

Light Hotel is a modern and stylish hotel located on a quiet, cobbled street. It feels peaceful and far away from the busy center of Sofia. The public areas, like the lobby and lounge, have a clean and modern design. However, the rooms offer a cozy, slightly old-fashioned feeling, which some guests may find charming.

There are different bathroom styles in the rooms—some have shower cabins, while others feature large, comfortable bathtubs. This makes the hotel a good choice whether you prefer quick showers or relaxing baths.

Lion Hotel

Location: A-3, bul. Maria Luiza 60
Contact: Tel: 917 84 00

Lion Hotel is set in a beautiful nineteenth-century building. It stands at a busy road intersection, halfway between Sofia’s train station and city center. If you get a room facing the street, you can watch the lively flow of people and cars below Bulgaria Private Tour.

The hotel has many unique architectural features. Some rooms have bay windows, while others have arched windows, giving a special character you won’t find in many other hotels. The decoration varies a lot: some rooms have soft yellow colors, while others have bright striped wallpaper.

Lozenetz Hotel

Location: E-3, bul. Sveti Naum 23
Contact: Tel: 965 44 44

Lozenetz Hotel is a modern building located in a quiet residential area just south of Sofia’s center. The rooms are bright and spacious, although some bathrooms can feel a little small.

One special feature is a small garden next to the restaurant, which is a nice place to relax after a busy day.

Meg Lozenetz Hotel

Location: D-3, ul. Krum Popov 84
Contact: Tel: 965 19 70

Meg Lozenetz is a mid-sized hotel in a residential area near the City Center Sofia shopping mall. The rooms have warm colors and thick carpets, creating a cozy atmosphere. Many rooms are not perfect rectangles but have interesting, irregular shapes which add character.

The hotel restaurant is decorated like a tropical garden, with wooden floors, rattan chairs, and many plants. There is even a large green parrot living there!

Triada Hotel

Location: G-8, ul. Venera 5
Contact: Tel: 970 67 67

Triada Hotel is a relatively new building with large, bright rooms. The rooms are decorated in soft shades of blue, creating a calm and relaxing atmosphere.

On the top floor, there is a sky bar with fantastic views of Sofia and the surrounding mountains, perfect for relaxing or meeting friends.

Triada Hotel also has excellent facilities for business meetings and seminars, making it popular with business travelers.

Diter Hotel

Location: C-3, ul. Han Asparuh 65
Contact: Tel: 989 89 98

Diter Hotel is located in a carefully restored nineteenth-century house on a quiet but very central street in Sofia. This makes it a real gem for travelers looking for comfort and charm in the city center.

The rooms are decorated in calm, mood-lifting colors like blues and oranges. Each room comes with a minibar, TV, and a safe to keep your belongings secure. A big plus is the large desk space, perfect for business travelers or anyone who needs to work during their stay. The showers are modern, featuring state-of-the-art massage nozzles for a relaxing experience.

Room 302 is a unique, L-shaped single room that will suit travelers who like something a little different and special Bulgaria Private Tour.

Kapri Hotel

Location: G-8, ul. Han Omurtag 76
Contact: Tel: 843 50 73

Kapri Hotel is a medium-sized, friendly hotel located about 2 km east of Sofia’s center in a quiet neighborhood. The hotel is in a converted family house, which gives it an intimate and cozy feel.

The rooms are decorated in soft, calming colors like pale green with light brown furniture. However, the rooms are a bit small because the building was not originally designed as a hotel, so space is limited.

Latinka Hotel

Location: G-8, ul. Latinka 28A
Contact: Tel: 870 08 48

Latinka Hotel looks modern from the outside but is warm and comfortable inside. It is an excellent mid-range choice for visitors. The hotel is about 3 km southeast of the city center, and it is only a five-minute walk to Borisova Gradina, Sofia’s large green park.

Rooms are decorated with bright primary colors that help improve your mood. Each room has a telephone, cable TV, internet connection, and a minibar. For a special touch, ask for a top-floor room with an attic ceiling for a cozy atmosphere.

Legends Hotel

Location: G-7, bul. Cherni Vrah 56
Contact: Tel: 961 79 30

Legends Hotel is located in the Hladilmka district, about 4 km south of Sofia’s center. It offers good business-class comfort combined with the friendly feel of a medium-sized hotel. Prices are reasonable for what you get.

The rooms have a warm bronze-brown color scheme and include desk space and bathtubs for relaxation. Internet access is available, but it costs an extra €5 per day.

While the neighborhood does not have many bars or restaurants nearby, transport is very good. Tram numbers 9 and 10 will take you to the city center quickly. Also, bus number 66 goes up to Aleko on Mount Vitosha, a popular mountain area.

Elate Plaza Hotel

Location: H-8, Mladost-1, corner of bul. Alexander Malinov and bul. Andrey Saharov
Contact: Tel/Fax: 974 49 48

Elate Plaza is a small, cozy, and charming hotel located just a four-minute drive south of Sofia’s airport. It sits in a quiet residential neighborhood, making it a peaceful place to stay for travelers.

The rooms at Elate Plaza come in various shapes and sizes. They have a modern style with warm red colors and bright bathrooms. Suites include bathtubs for added comfort. The hotel has a friendly, “make yourself at home” atmosphere, and the staff are very helpful and attentive.

For guests’ convenience, there is a fitness center with a sauna where you can relax after a busy day. The hotel also offers a conference hall that can hold up to 45 people, which makes it suitable for small business meetings Bulgaria Private Tour.

Bulgari Hotel

Location: A-2, Ul. Plrotska 50
Contact: Tel: 831 00 60

Bulgari Hotel is a small and welcoming place located in a lovely cobbled street in old Sofia. The hotel’s bright tangerine-colored rooms are on the smaller side but come with TVs and usually a small desk.

Bathrooms vary — some have bathtubs while others feature a traditional Bulgarian-style shower without a partition. One special room to request is the ‘Melnik’ room on the top floor, which has a glass-covered balcony that feels like a conservatory and offers great views of the sky.

Breakfast here is served on glass tables decorated with seashells, adding a nice touch to your morning. The hotel is known to be gay-friendly, welcoming all guests warmly.

Central Hotel

Location: B-2, bul. Hristo Botev 52
Contact: Tel: 981 23 64

Central Hotel is a relatively new hotel located in a convenient downtown area. It offers good value for money with comfortable facilities.

Rooms are decorated in a modern and practical style, mostly featuring showers instead of full bathtubs. The hotel’s location makes it easy to explore Sofia’s city center.

Central Forum Hotel

Location: G-7, bul. Tsar Boris III 41
Contact: Tel: 954 44 44

Central Forum is a recently renovated hotel located about 1 km southwest of Sofia’s downtown area. It is in a mixed residential and commercial neighborhood, making it quiet yet close to the action.

The rooms are not very large but are decorated in soft, creamy colors designed to reduce stress. Although the hotel calls itself four stars, most rooms have showers, and only the ‘luxury’ rooms have real bathtubs.

One nice surprise is that some rooms have electric kettles, a feature rare in Bulgaria hotels.

Top Hotels in Sofia – Where to Stay in Style

Sofia offers a wide range of hotel choices, from world-famous chains to boutique gems with personality. Whether you’re traveling for business or leisure, these high-quality hotels offer comfort, style, and great service.

Holiday Inn Sofia

Location: H-8, Blvd. Aleksandar Malinov 111
Contact: Tel. +359 2 807 07 07

The Holiday Inn Sofia delivers dependable five-star quality. Located near the Mladost Business Park, it’s a favorite for business travelers, and only about 20 minutes by taxi from the city center.

Rooms: Equipped with flat-screen TVs, Wi-Fi, and bathrooms with both a bathtub and separate shower.

Dining: You can enjoy international food at the all-day Brasserie and InCanto restaurant Bulgaria Vacations.

Wellness: There’s a fully equipped gym and a 19-meter swimming pool for guests to relax or stay fit.

Events: With a wide range of conference facilities, it’s a top spot for business meetings.

Radisson SAS Grand Hotel

Location: B-4, Narodno Sabranie Square 4
Contact: Tel. +359 2 933 43 34

Located right across from the Bulgarian Parliament and the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, the Radisson SAS offers luxury and a great view of Sofia’s historical center.

Style: The hotel offers elegant comfort—calm colors, comfortable mattresses, and classy marble bathrooms with bathtubs and showers.

Rooms: All rooms have electric kettles. Standard rooms are good, but Business Class rooms and Junior Suites on the north side come with amazing views.

Nearby: You’ll find bars and nightlife just steps away, including Flannagans Pub and London Casino.

Unique and Artistic Hotels

If you’re looking for something with more character and local flair, these hotels are perfect for a stylish and cozy stay.

Hotel Anel

Location: B-2, Blvd. Todor Aleksandrov 14
Contact: Tel. +359 2 911 99 00

Hotel Anel is a modern hotel just outside the downtown area. What sets it apart is its rich collection of Bulgarian art—you’ll feel like you’ve stepped into a contemporary gallery.

Rooms: Designed in bold blue and brown tones, comfortable and spacious.

Spa: A relaxing spa area with a café surrounded by water and accessible via a charming bridge.

Art’Otel

Location: C-2, ul. Gladston 44
Contact: Tel. +359 2 980 60 00

A collaboration between Bulgarian and Spanish designers, Art’Otel is set in a beautifully renovated 1930s apartment building. It’s located just off Vitosha Boulevard, the city’s main shopping and walking street.

Design: Features leather furniture, fireplaces, unique textures, and modern art.

Views: Some top-floor rooms offer fantastic views of the Sofia skyline.

Luxury Hotels in Sofia

Sofia has no shortage of top-tier accommodation. Among the best are internationally recognized names like Hilton and Sheraton, which offer outstanding service, elegant decor, and central locations. Here’s a closer look at two of the city’s finest five-star hotels.

Hilton Sofia

Location: D-2, Blvd. Bulgaria 1

Contact: Tel. +359 2 933 50 00

The Hilton Sofia is a popular choice, especially for business travelers. It has a convenient central location and offers the high-quality service expected from the Hilton brand.

Interior Design: Rooms are decorated in calm tones of blue, yellow, and green, creating a peaceful atmosphere.

Bathrooms: Each room includes both a bathtub and a shower cabin—great for relaxing after a long day.

Facilities: Guests can enjoy free access to the indoor pool and gym.

Extras: All rooms come with tea and coffee-making facilities, a nice touch for those who like their morning brew Bulgaria Vacations.

Amenities Available:

Air conditioning

Credit cards accepted

Fitness center

Wi-Fi and internet

Guarded parking

Sauna

Swimming pool

Animal friendly

Facilities for disabled guests

Child friendly

Non-smoking rooms

Restaurant

Nearest metro station nearby

Sheraton Sofia Hotel Balkan

Location: B-3, Sveta Nedelya Square 5

Contact: Tel. +359 2 981 65 41

The Sheraton Sofia Hotel Balkan is one of the oldest luxury hotels in the city. Part of the prestigious Luxury Collection (by Marriott), it is located in the very heart of Sofia.

Architecture: The building is a fine example of 1950s architecture, with grand staircases, spacious corridors, and crystal chandeliers.

Room Styles

Classic rooms feature modern interiors with blue and orange themes and elegant bathrooms.

Executive rooms include antique-style furniture, flat-screen TVs, and tea/coffee facilities.

Public Areas: The hotel has a stylish lobby and a café restaurant that serves gourmet meals.

Amenities Available:

Air conditioning

Credit cards accepted

Non-smoking rooms

Internet and Wi-Fi

Fitness facilities

Swimming pool

Guarded parking

On-site restaurant

Accessible facilities

Whether you’re traveling for business or leisure, both the Hilton Sofia and Sheraton Hotel Balkan provide luxurious comfort and top-quality service. Their central locations also make it easy to explore the capital’s cultural landmarks, restaurants, and nightlife.

Trifon Zarezan – Bulgaria’s Winegrower Celebration

Trifon Zarezan, also known as St Valentine’s Day for Wine, marks an important event in the Bulgarian wine calendar. On this day, vineyard workers and wine lovers come together to celebrate the start of pruning season with a lively ritual:

Sprinkling the vines with wine to bless them and ensure fertility.

Pruning the vines by hand, symbolizing the cycle of renewal.

Following the work, families and friends gather for a long feast, filled with homemade wine, traditional dishes, and singing.

When Is Trifon Zarezan?

Figuring out the exact date can be tricky, because different communities follow different calendars:

Some celebrate on February 1, which aligns with the new style calendar Bulgaria Vacations.

Others celebrate on February 14, following the old Orthodox Christian calendar.

If you’re planning to join the fun, a good idea is to prepare for partying throughout February—you’ll meet villagers raising a glass to “Trifon Zarezan!” more than once.

How People Celebrate

Villages and towns host festivals, where local winemakers share their newest wines.

Pruning competitions are sometimes held to see who can work fastest and neatest.

Expect folklore music and dancing, hearty food like grilled meats, banitsa (cheese pastry), homemade bread, and of course, lots of wine.

For wine lovers, it’s a chance to taste fresh vintage, learn about traditional Bulgarian wine, and join in for an unforgettable rural experience.

Sofia’s Hotel Scene – A Wide Variety

Sofia has seen a big growth in hotel options in recent years. You can now choose from budget stays to luxury resorts—and the official star ratings are generally reliable. Most hotels list prices in euros, but you can also pay in Bulgarian leva at the same conversion rate.

Featured Hotel Grand Hotel Sofia

Location: B‑3, ul. Gurko 1 — right in the heart of Sofia

Phone : 811 08 00

Why It Stands Out

Prime location: Next to the National Theatre, City Art Gallery, Bulgaria Hall, and within walking distance of Alexander Nevsky Cathedral.

Professional staff: Welcoming and well-trained at every level.

Spacious rooms: All rooms are large with both bathtubs and showers.

Elegant design: High-quality furniture and solid finishes that feel classic and durable.

Grand Café: Located on the ground floor facing City Garden, famous for serving delicious cakes and pastries.

Why Choose Grand Hotel Sofia?

Excellent location — perfect for touring central Sofia.

Top quality — well-deserved privileges of a five-star rating.

Spacious, charming interiors — ideal for both work and rest.

Nice extras — like the Grand Café and easy access to cultural landmarks.

Winter Traditions Kukeri – Bulgaria’s Masked Dancers

Winter in Bulgaria is not just cold—it’s magical, mysterious, and full of ancient traditions. One of the most colorful and lively customs is the Kukeri Festival, where men dress up in animal costumes, wear cowbells, and perform loud, energetic dances.

These dancers, known as kukeri (also called mummers), appear in small towns and villages, mainly in January. Their goal is to chase away evil spirits and bring health, peace, and fertility for the new year. It’s noisy, it’s strange, and it’s one of Bulgaria’s most unique celebrations.

What Are Kukeri?

Kukeri wear large, often frightening wooden masks and sheepskin or wool costumes. They also wear bells around their waists and carry wooden staffs or sticks. As they jump, shout, and dance, the bells ring loudly—this is believed to scare off bad spirits that hide in the darkness of winter Bulgaria Vacations.

The tradition goes back hundreds, even thousands of years, to Bulgaria’s pagan past, long before Christianity. Even today, Bulgarians keep the ritual alive every winter.

When Does It Happen?

Kukeri rituals usually take place around January 1, but some villages still follow the Old Orthodox Calendar, celebrating on January 14 instead. The biggest and most famous celebrations happen in mid-January in the Pernik region, just 25 km southwest of Sofia.

One of the top spots is the village of Yardzhilovtsi, where local groups of kukeri dance through the streets and gather for a lively final show near the schoolyard.

The International Kukeri Festival in Pernik

Every even-numbered year, Pernik hosts the International Festival of Masquerade Games—the largest of its kind in Bulgaria. This weekend-long event brings together kukeri groups from all over the country, as well as performers from other countries with similar traditions.

Festival Details

Location: Pernik, Bulgaria

Dates: January 25–27

Opening Ceremony: Friday, January 25 at 18:00

Parades Saturday and Sunday (January 26–27) from 10:30 to 17:00

For more info and photos, visit the official site: www.surva.org

Why You Should See It

Whether you’re a local or a tourist, the Kukeri Festival is a must-see. It’s more than just a show—it’s living folklore, full of energy, tradition, and Bulgarian spirit. It combines costumes, music, dance, and community in a way that few other events can.

So, if you’re in Bulgaria this winter, don’t miss your chance to experience one of the country’s most powerful and unforgettable traditions!

Sofía’s Best Theatres

Sofia has a lively theatre scene offering a mix of comedy, drama, experimental plays, and studio performances. Here are some top venues worth visiting:

Aleko Konstantinov Satirical Theatre

Location: B‑3, ul. Stefan Karadzha 26

Phone : 987 66 06

What to Expect: A mix of classical and modern comedies with a satirical twist. The lineup often includes witty plays that cleverly critique everyday life, politics, and human nature.

Beyond the Canal (Malkiya gradski teatar “Zad kanala”)

Location: G‑8, bul. Madrid 1

What to Expect: A studio theatre hosting small-scale contemporary productions. Expect a mix of cross-genre events, including theatre performances, film projections, and live music gigs Bulgaria Vacations.

Bulgarian Army Theatre (Teatar Bulgarska Armia)

Location: B‑4, ul. Rakovski 98

Contact: 987 23 03

What to Expect: Known for high-quality drama, this theatre offers both classical plays (like Shakespeare and Chekhov) and contemporary Bulgarian works.

Ivan Vazov National Theatre

Location: B‑3, ul. Dyakon Ignatiy 5

Contact: 811 92 19

What to Expect: Sofia’s grandest and most prestigious theatre, staging large-scale performances from Bulgarian classics to international hits. The building itself is a majestic landmark in the city.

Sfumato Theatre Workshop

Location: G‑8, ul. Dimitar Grekov 2

Contact: 944 01 27

What to Expect: A cutting-edge experimental theatre with international recognition. Shows combine physical theatre, multimedia, and bold storytelling, perfect for adventurous audiences.

Tears and Laughter (Sala i Smyah)

Location: B‑4, ul. Rakovski 127

Contact: 987 58 95

What to Expect: The oldest theatre in Sofia, offering challenging modern dramas and comedies. Expect thought-provoking productions that encourage reflection and conversation.

Theatre 199

Location: B‑4, ul. Slavyanska 8

Contact: 987 85 33

What to Expect: A contemporary studio space with a 199-seat auditorium. Features experimental and innovative performances, including contemporary Bulgarian and international works. A key venue for discovering fresh, creative theatre.

Why Theatre in Sofia Matters

Affordable Prices: Ticket costs are very reasonable, often far cheaper than Western Europe.

Cultural Variety: From traditional comedies to avant-garde performances, Sofia’s theatres offer something for all tastes.

Support for Local Artists: Many theatres focus on Bulgarian playwrights and new productions.

Central Locations: Most venues are easily accessible in the city centre, making them great for a night out after dinner.

Tips for Theatre-Goers

Book ahead, especially for popular shows at the National Theatre.

Check English subtitles—some theatres offer them, especially for contemporary performances.

Arrive early to enjoy the atmosphere and perhaps have a glass of wine or coffee.

Ask about student/senior discounts—many theatres offer them.

Events in Plovdiv A Cultural Journey

Plovdiv is Bulgaria’s second-largest city and a major cultural hub. Though there is a friendly rivalry between Sofia and Plovdiv, many locals proudly say that Plovdiv is the most creative city in the country. Since it’s only about 90 minutes by car from Sofia, it’s well worth a visit—especially if you love music, opera, or contemporary art.

Plovdiv Opera and Philharmonic Society

Plovdiv’s opera and symphonic events are organized by the Opera and Philharmonic Society. Performances are held at two main venues:

Concert Hall (Kontsertna Zala) – located on the main square at Pl. Tsentralen 1

Municipal Cultural Centre (Zala GDK) – located at Ul. Gladstone 15

For more information and tickets, visit their official website: www.ofd-plovdiv.org or call: 032/625 553 Mystical Bulgaria Tours.

January Events

January 18, 19:00 – Symphonic Concert at Kontsertna Zala

January 25, 19:00 – Operetta Concert at Kontsertna Zala

February Events

February 1, 5, 7, 19:00 – Opera: Viva La Mamma by G. Donizetti at Zala GDK

February 15, 22, 29, 19:00 – Symphonic Concert featuring works by D. Shostakovich with soloist V. Parashkevov (violin) at Kontsertna Zala

March Events

March 4–7, 14:00 & 19:00 – The Adventures of Winnie the Pooh, a children’s musical by A. Yosifov

March 15, 19:00 – Symphonic Concert with works by Tchaikovsky and Beethoven, featuring soloists V. Vasilev (violin) and F. Herring (piano) at Kontsertna Zala

Sariev Gallery Small Space, Big Impact

Although small in size, Sariev Gallery is one of the most exciting places for contemporary art in Plovdiv. The gallery is especially known for its focus on modern ceramics—and not the typical kind you might find as souvenirs.

Current Exhibition Function Teapot

Running until January 31, this creative show invites eight ceramic artists to rethink the everyday teapot. The results are both surprising and beautiful, showing how art can transform even the most ordinary objects.

Location: Sariev Gallery, Ul. Otets Paisii 40, Plovdiv

Phone: 0888 520 375

Opening Hours: 11:00–19:00 (Closed Sundays)

Why Visit Plovdiv?

Easy to reach from Sofia

Full of history, culture, and friendly people

Rich and affordable music and art scene

A chance to explore modern Bulgarian creativity

Whether you’re an opera lover or an art explorer, Plovdiv promises a memorable cultural experience.

Music Opera and Ballet in Sofia

Sofia offers a rich cultural scene in classical music, opera, and ballet. Here are the top venues and events you shouldn’t miss.

Bulgaria Hall (Zala Bulgaria)
Location: B-3, ul. Aksakov 1

Phone: 987 76 56

Home To The Bulgarian Philharmonic Orchestra

What to Expect: This is the premier venue in Bulgaria for symphonic concerts. Expect performances of works by famous composers like Beethoven, Mozart, and Tchaikovsky, as well as concerts by local conductors and soloists.

Opening Hours: 10:30–13:00 and 15:00–18:00, Monday to Friday

Closed: Saturday and Sunday

Music Centre “Boris Hristov”
Location: B-2, ul. Tsar Samuil 43

Phone: 987 35 92

What to Expect: Named after Bulgaria’s legendary opera singer, this centre combines a museum collection with a performance space. It supports young talent in music, opera, visual arts, and theatre, all housed in a hall featuring a grand piano and excellent acoustics Mystical Bulgaria Tours.

Opening Hours: 11:00–18:00, Monday to Friday

Closed: Saturday and Sunday

National Musical Theatre

Location: B-5, ul. Panayot Volov 2

Phone: 944 50 85 (tickets: 943 19 79)

What to Expect: Famous for operettas and musicals, this theatre also presents occasional dance performances. It’s a colorful, joyful venue, perfect for a light-hearted cultural night out.

Opening Hours: 08:30–18:30, Monday to Saturday

Closed: Sunday

National Opera and Ballet

Location: B-4, ul. Vrabcha 1

Phone: 987 13 66 (tickets also via email/fax)

What to Expect: This is the crown jewel of Sofia’s cultural life. Featuring top local performers, international guest stars, and world-class productions of opera and ballet, the repertoire includes classics like La Traviata, Swan Lake, and Carmen.

Opening Hours: 09:30–18:30, daily; weekends 10:30–18:00

National Palace of Culture (NDK)

Location: D-2, pl. Bulgaria 1

Phone/Tickets: 916 68 30 / 916 63 69

What to Expect: The largest cultural centre in Sofia with a main hall seating 3,800 people. NDK hosts major musical events, including orchestral performances, international artists, contemporary music festivals, and large-scale dance shows.

Opening Hours: 09:00–19:00, Monday to Saturday

Closed: Sunday

Not to Miss: Sofia Film Fest

Sofia Film Fest, held each spring, is Southeast Europe’s leading film festival.

Dates in 2008: March 6–16

What to Expect: Over ten days, you can watch world-class films from Bulgaria, the Balkans, and beyond. Screenings are held in multiple venues across Sofia.

Tip: The 2008 program was not yet available at press time. Visit www.cinema.bg/sff closer to March for schedules and details.

Why Attend These Cultural Events?

Affordable Prices: Tickets are budget-friendly, even for high-quality performances.

Diverse Choices: From symphony concerts and operas to musicals, dance, and international cinema, there’s something for every taste.

Cultural Enrichment: These venues showcase the best of Bulgarian arts and bring global talent to Sofia, making them essential for anyone visiting the city’s cultural core.

World Beat Nights in Sofia

Sofia’s nightlife just got more exciting with the launch of World Beat Nights, a weekly event created by the local DJ group Global Vision Circle. These parties bring people together to celebrate music and culture from around the world. The idea is simple—share the sounds and rhythms of different continents while dancing and having fun.

Each Friday night at Club Rise (B-2, ul. Tsar Samuil 50), the club is transformed with themed music nights that rotate weekly:

1st Friday: Brazilian music

2nd Friday: Indian music

3rd Friday: African music

4th Friday: Latino and Caribbean music

These nights include not just music, but also live performances, dance workshops, and visual displays inspired by the cultures being celebrated. It’s the perfect event for anyone who loves world music and dancing, or simply wants to try something new Mystical Bulgaria Tours.

Cinemas in Sofia

Sofia has a wide selection of cinemas, from modern multiplexes to cozy independent theaters. Whether you’re into big Hollywood blockbusters, 3D experiences, or award-winning international films, there’s a cinema for you.

Arena Zapad
Location: F-7, bul. Todor Aleksandrov 64
The largest multiplex in Sofia with 15 screens, a pizza restaurant, an ice cream bar, and much more. Located near Vardar Metro Station. There is also a second branch at Mladost 4, in the Business Park Sofia area.

Cinema City
Location: B-1, bul. Aleksandar Stamboliyski 101
A modern, state-of-the-art cinema located in the Mall of Sofia. Surrounded by restaurants and shops, it’s perfect for a full night out. Home to IMAX screenings with a huge 24-meter screen and 3D glasses for an unforgettable movie experience.

Cineplex
Location: D-2, bul. Arsenalski 2
Located on the top floor of City Center Sofia Mall, this single-screen cinema is great for a quiet and cozy movie night.

Euro Cinema

Location: B-2, bul. Aleksandar Stamboliyski 17
Ths small cinema shows carefully selected European films and independent movies. Perfect for film lovers looking for something different.

House of Cinema (Dom na Kinoto)
Location: A-3, ul. Ekzarh Yosif 37
The go-to place for movie enthusiasts and festival film lovers. They screen international films, often those shown at European film festivals.

Kino Vlaykova
Location: C-5, ul. Tsar Ivan Asen II
An old-fashioned, single-screen cinema in a green, quiet neighborhood. It shows a mix of art films and popular Hollywood movies. The cinema also has a bar and a snooker hall, making it a local hangout spot.

Odeon Cinema
Location: C-1, bul. Patriarh Evtimiy 1
This cinema focuses on classic and old movies, making it ideal for anyone feeling nostalgic or interested in film history.

Why You Should Explore Sofia’s Culture

Whether you’re dancing at World Beat Nights or catching a film at one of Sofia’s cinemas, there’s no shortage of affordable and exciting entertainment in the city. Embrace the local vibe and try something new—you might just find your next favorite movie or music style!

Cultural Delights in Sofia

If you can tear yourself away from the fashion and sports channels in Sofia’s cafés and bars, you’ll discover a rich world of cultural experiences. Sofia offers high-quality art, music, theater, and more—and the ticket prices are surprisingly affordable by Western standards. There’s really no excuse to miss out.

Art Galleries Worth Visiting

Sofia is full of diverse art galleries showcasing both local and international talent. Here are some top choices:

Art Gallery Paris (B‑4, ul. Parizh 8; tel. 980 80 93; gallery‑paris.com)

A charming gallery representing young Bulgarian artists, especially those working in expressive, figurative styles Mystical Bulgaria Tours.

Open: 11:00–19:00, Mon–Fri

Closed: Sat–Sun

Galeria Akademia (B‑4, ul. Shipka 1; tel. 987 81 77)

Hosted by the Bulgarian Academy of Fine Arts, it features prestigious group exhibitions.

Open: 11:00–19:00, Mon–Fri

Goethe-Institut Sofia (B‑4, ul. Budapeshta 1; tel. 939 01 00; goethe.de/sofia)

Germany’s cultural centre hosts contemporary art exhibits and cultural events.

Open: Mon–Fri 10:00–14:00; Tue–Thu 14:00–19:00

Closed: Sat–Sun

Krug+ (Circle Plus) (B‑4, ul. Budapeshta 5; tel. 988 25 79)

A cool gallery space showcasing cutting-edge work by local and international artists.

Open: 10:00–19:00, Mon–Fri; Sat–Sun 10:00–18:00

Lessedra Gallery (C‑3, ul. Milin kamak 25; tel. 865 04 28; lessedra.com)

Specializes in Bulgarian and international prints and graphics. A great place to buy art.

Open: 15:00–19:00, Mon–Fri

Closed: Sat–Sun

Maksim (B‑2, ul. Loryn 11; tel. 988 10 62)

Features contemporary work by leading Bulgarian painters and sculptors.

Open: 11:00–18:30, Mon–Fri

Closed: Sat–Sun

Rakursi Gallery (C‑3, ul. Khan Krum 4A; tel. 981 26 17; rakursi.com)

A small private gallery with a mix of established and emerging Bulgarian artists. Offers paintings, prints, photos, and sculptures at all price levels.

Open: 10:00–19:00, Mon–Fri; Sat 11:00–18:00

Closed: Sun

Shipka 6 (B‑5, ul. Shipka 6; tel. 846 71 13; abhart.com)

Located in the Bulgarian Artists’ Union building, Shipka 6 hosts a variety of exhibitions by local and international artists.

Open: 10:00–18:00, Tue–Sun

Closed: Mon

Sibank Gallery (B‑3, ul. Slavyanska 2; tel. 939 92 80)

Run by a major bank, it showcases big names in Bulgarian contemporary art. Expect conceptual installations and modern works.

Open: 11:00–19:00, Mon–Fri

Closed: Sat–Sun

Sofia City Art Gallery (B‑3, ul. Gurko 1; tel. 987 21 81; sghg.cult.bg)

This municipal gallery features high-profile shows by Bulgarian and international artists. It’s run by a creative curatorial team and is one of the best places to explore current Bulgarian art.

Open: 10:00–18:00, Mon–Fri; Sun 11:00–17:00

Closed: Mon

Tea Gallery (E‑2, ul. Dimitar Hadzhikotsev 10; tel. 865 84 26)

A small spot featuring quirky and edgy contemporary paintings.

Open: 10:00–20:00, Mon–Fri; Sat 11:00–15:00

Closed: Sun

The Red House Cultural Centre

The Red House (Chervenata Kashta) (C‑4, ul. Lyuben Karavelov 15; tel. 988 81 88; redhouse-sofia.org)

An early twentieth-century building converted into one of Sofia’s leading independent cultural centres. It features exhibitions, small concerts, video screenings, drama, and workshops. This creative hub attracts Sofia’s artsy crowd and hosts cutting-edge events.

Why Sofia’s Cultural Scene is a Must-See

Affordable prices: By Western standards, tickets to galleries, shows, and events are cheap.

Variety: Sofia offers a range of cultural experiences—traditional art, conceptual exhibitions, small performances, and community-led projects.

Fresh perspectives New galleries like Krug+ and Tea feature experimental and daring artwork.

Taking even a small break from TV will open you to an exciting, rich cultural world hidden in Sofia’s galleries and cultural centres. Whether you’re an art lover, a curious traveler, or just looking for something different, Sofia’s cultural scene is there, waiting to impress.

Bulgaria’s Recent History From Communism to the European Union

1949–1954 Change in Leadership

In 1949, Georgi Dimitrov, the longtime communist leader of Bulgaria, died suddenly. He was replaced by Valko Chervenkov, a strict follower of Soviet leader Stalin. Under Chervenkov, political repression was harsh, and many people lived in fear.

1954–1978 Todor Zhivkov’s Rule

In 1954, Chervenkov was replaced by Todor Zhivkov, who stayed loyal to the Soviet Union but eased some political control. Zhivkov allowed a little more freedom for writers and intellectuals. During his time, Bulgaria remained firmly part of the Soviet Bloc Mystical Bulgaria Tours.

However, not everyone agreed with the government. In 1978, a famous Bulgarian dissident named Georgi Markov was killed in London. He was poisoned by an assassin using a special umbrella. This murder shocked the world and showed the harsh methods used against critics.

1980s Growing Tensions

In 1981, Bulgarian secret services were involved in an attempted attack on Pope John Paul II. The details remain controversial but show the extent of Bulgaria’s secret police activities.

In 1984, Zhivkov launched a harsh campaign to force ethnic Turks living in Bulgaria to change their names to Bulgarian ones. This policy caused protests that were violently suppressed by the government. Many ethnic Turks felt oppressed and unsafe.

1989 The Fall of Communism Begins

By 1989, the campaign against the Turks intensified, causing thousands to flee to Turkey. Then, on 10 November 1989, just one day after the Berlin Wall fell, Todor Zhivkov was removed from power by the Bulgarian Communist Party.

In December 1989, anti-communist groups joined forces to create the Union of Democratic Forces (SDS), aiming to bring democratic reforms to Bulgaria.

1990–2001 Political Changes and Economic Struggles

In June 1990, Bulgaria held its first multi-party elections. The communists, now renamed the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP), won. But soon, economic problems and political instability weakened their control.

From 1991 to 2001, power shifted back and forth between the BSP and the SDS. The SDS generally managed the economy better, but many Bulgarians remained unhappy because economic growth was slow, and most people did not feel any improvement in their daily lives.

2001–2007 New Leaders and European Integration

In spring 2001, Simeon II, Bulgaria’s former king who had lived in exile in Spain since childhood, returned to politics. He formed the National Movement Simeon II (NDSV) and won a big victory in the elections. However, he struggled to solve the economic problems, and his popularity dropped quickly.

In April 2004, Bulgaria became a member of NATO, marking a big step toward closer ties with the West.

A year later, in April 2005, Bulgaria signed the EU Accession Treaty, officially starting the process to join the European Union.

In August 2005, new elections gave a narrow win to the BSP, with Sergei Stanishev becoming Prime Minister.

In November 2005, Boyko Borisov, known for his tough style, was elected mayor of Sofia, showing the public’s frustration with traditional politicians.

Finally, on 1 January 2007, Bulgaria and Romania officially became members of the European Union, opening a new chapter in the country’s history.

2007 and Beyond New Political Movements

In October 2007, Boyko Borisov founded a new political party called GERB (“Shield”), aiming to appeal to many voters. He also won a second term as mayor of Sofia, showing his growing influence in Bulgarian politics.

Modern History of Bulgaria 1877–1946

1877–1878 Liberation from the Ottoman Empire

The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 ended with Bulgaria’s liberation from nearly 500 years of Ottoman rule. Russian troops helped the Bulgarians win their freedom, with major battles taking place across the country.

March 1878 The Treaty of San Stefano

After the war, the Treaty of San Stefano was signed between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. It created a large Bulgarian state that included most of Macedonia and Thrace. However, Britain and France believed this new Bulgaria would be controlled by Russia. Because of this, they refused to support the treaty.

July 1878 The Congress of Berlin

Soon after, the Congress of Berlin changed the agreement. Bulgaria was split into three parts:

The Principality of Bulgaria, with its capital in Sofia, became mostly independent Customized Tour Bulgaria.

Eastern Rumelia, a separate province, remained under Ottoman control but had its own local government.

Macedonia was returned to direct Ottoman rule.

1879–1908 Building a New State

In 1879, a German aristocrat named Alexander of Battenberg became the first prince of the new Bulgarian state. In 1885, the people of Eastern Rumelia declared a union with Bulgaria, strengthening the country. Two years later, in 1887, Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha replaced Alexander after a coup.

In 1908, Ferdinand declared full independence from the Ottoman Empire. He also proclaimed Bulgaria a kingdom and took the title Tsar (King).

1912–1913 The Balkan Wars

Bulgaria joined Serbia and Greece to fight the Ottoman Empire during the First Balkan War. Together, they defeated the Ottomans and pushed them out of Macedonia and Thrace. But soon after, the former allies turned against Bulgaria in the Second Balkan War, seizing land Bulgaria had hoped to keep. Bulgaria lost large parts of Macedonia to Serbia and Greece.

1915–1918 World War I

During World War I, Bulgaria sided with Germany and Austria-Hungary. It hoped to regain lost territories. However, a Serbian, French, and British attack in Macedonia led to Bulgaria’s defeat. In 1918, Tsar Ferdinand abdicated, and his son, Boris III, became king.

1919–1930s Political Turmoil

In 1919, the Peasant Party, led by Aleksandar Stamboliyski, won elections and promised big changes. But in 1923, he was murdered by far-right forces. After that, Bulgaria was ruled by several authoritarian governments with little public support.

1941–1944 World War II and Soviet Invasion

In 1941, Bulgaria joined Nazi Germany in World War II. In 1943, Tsar Boris III died, and his son Simeon II, only six years old, became king. In September 1944, the Soviet Red Army invaded Bulgaria, and the Fatherland Front, supported by the USSR, took power.

1946 End of the Monarchy

In September 1946, Bulgaria was declared a People’s Republic. The monarchy was abolished, and Communist rule began. In October 1946, Georgi Dimitrov, a long-time communist leader, became Prime Minister. He introduced major economic changes and started the oppression of political opponents, marking the start of communist rule in Bulgaria.

A Brief History of Bulgaria

1000–200 BC The Thracian Tribes

During this time, the region that is now Bulgaria was inhabited by a group of tribes called the Thracians. They were skilled in metalwork and left behind beautiful tombs and treasures, including gold and silver jewelry, ornaments, and weapons. These remains show that Thracian culture was both rich and advanced.

150 BC – 50 AD Roman Rule Begins

Starting around 150 BC, the Romans slowly took control of the Thracians and made the area a province of the Roman Empire. They built roads, cities, and fortresses. The city of Sofia was fortified and named Serdica, becoming an important Roman center.

7th Century The Arrival of the Slavs

In the 600s, the Slavs migrated peacefully into the region and became the dominant ethnic group. Their influence continues to shape Bulgarian culture and language today Customized Tour Bulgaria.

681 AD The Birth of Bulgaria

In 681, Khan Asparuh, leader of the Bulgars (a Turkic nomadic tribe from Central Asia), entered the region. He defeated the Byzantines and united with the local Slavs, founding the First Bulgarian Kingdom. This year is officially considered the beginning of the Bulgarian state.

865 AD Conversion to Christianity

Under Khan Boris I, Bulgaria officially adopted Christianity as the state religion. Over the next century, the Bulgar nobility adopted the Slavic language and customs, blending cultures to form a unified national identity.

1014 Defeat by the Byzantines

In 1014, the Byzantine Emperor Basil II, known as the “Bulgar Slayer”, defeated the Bulgarian army at Strumitsa. This led to 170 years of Byzantine rule over Bulgaria.

1185 Second Bulgarian Kingdom

In 1185, two Bulgarian nobles, Peter and Asen, led a successful revolt against the Byzantines, creating the Second Bulgarian Empire with its capital at Veliko Tarnovo.

1197–1230 A Golden Era

Under the rule of Tsars Kaloyan and Ivan Asen II, Bulgaria defeated many enemies and became the strongest power in the Balkans. This was a time of military success and cultural growth.

1240s Mongol Invasions

The Mongol invasions in the 1240s caused widespread destruction and led to a long period of political and cultural decline.

1393 Ottoman Conquest

In 1393, the Ottoman Turks captured Veliko Tarnovo, ending Bulgarian independence. The Ottoman Empire ruled Bulgaria for nearly 500 years.

15th–18th Centuries Survival Under Ottoman Rule

During Ottoman rule, Bulgarian culture was kept alive in churches and monasteries. Religion and traditions played an important role in preserving national identity.

19th Century The Road to Independence

As trade and business grew, a Bulgarian middle class emerged. They began to open Bulgarian-language schools and spread ideas of freedom. A new generation of patriotic leaders started pushing for independence.

1876 The April Uprising

In 1876, Bulgarian revolutionaries launched the April Uprising in the town of Koprivshtitsa. The revolt was quickly crushed, and over 30,000 Bulgarians were killed by Ottoman forces. The brutality shocked Europe, and soon after, Russia prepared to take military action against the Ottoman Empire to support Bulgaria.

Understanding Body Language in Bulgaria

One of the first things a visitor to Bulgaria should learn is that body language here is different from most other countries. In Bulgaria:

Shaking your head means “yes”

Nodding your head means “no”

This can be very confusing for foreigners. It’s a unique tradition that has survived through centuries of Bulgarian culture and history. Many visitors find this reversed gesture system strange, but it’s something locals use daily.

To avoid misunderstandings, it’s a good idea to practice these gestures in front of a mirror before heading out. With a bit of effort, you’ll get used to it—and it might even impress the locals!

National Tourist Information Centre

If you’re in Sofia and need help as a tourist, visit the National Tourist Information Centre, located at:

Address: pl. Sveta Nedelya 1

Phone: +359 2 987 97 78

Website: www.bulgariatravel.org

This center recently received a full makeover and now offers a modern and welcoming environment. The staff are friendly and speak good English. They offer:

Free city maps

Local travel advice

Help with public transport and sightseeing tips

You’ll find stylish stools where you can sit while the staff answer your questions or look up information in their database. However, please note: the staff cannot book hotels for you. They do, however, offer helpful locally published guides—like this one Customized Tour Bulgaria!

Opening hours: Monday to Friday, 09:00 to 17:00

Closed: Saturday and Sunday

Facts About Bulgaria

Here are some quick facts to help you understand the country better:

Population (July 2006 estimates):
Bulgaria: 7,385,367 people

Sofia (capital): 1,377,531 people

Ethnic Groups

Bulgarian: 83.9%

Turkish: 9.4%

Roma (Gypsies): 4.7%

Religion

Bulgarian Orthodox: 82.6%

Muslim: 12.2%

Roman Catholic: 0.6%

Protestant: 0.5%

Geography and Borders

Total area: 110,550 square kilometers

Neighboring countries: Turkey, Greece, North Macedonia, Serbia, Romania

Eastern border: The Black Sea, with a 354 km-long coastline

Highest mountain: Musala (2,925 meters), located in the Rila Mountains, south of Sofia

Time Zone

Bulgaria is in the Eastern European Time Zone (EET):

GMT +2

When it is 12:00 (noon) in Sofia:

It is 11:00 in Berlin

10:00 in London

05:00 in New York

Bulgaria What You Should Know Before You Go

Alcohol in Bulgaria

The most traditional alcoholic drink in Bulgaria is rakia (also spelled rakiya), a strong fruit brandy. The most common types are grape rakia (grozdova) and plum rakia (slivova). Rakia is usually served in small 50g or 100g shots and is almost always consumed with food—especially a shopska salad or some kind of appetizer.

If you order rakia without food, restaurant staff may find it unusual. In Bulgaria, drinking spirits without at least a small snack is not typical and might get you a few puzzled looks.

When it comes to beer, Bulgaria produces several decent local lagers. Some of the most popular brands are:

Zagorka

Shumensko

Kamenitsa

These are widely available and considered reliable, although not particularly unique Customized Tour Bulgaria.

Bulgarian wine, on the other hand, is gaining international attention—especially the dry red varieties. Here are some standout wines to look for:

Cabernet Sauvignon from Svishtov and Oryahovitsa

Merlot from Stambolovo

Gumza from Novo Selo

Mavrud from Asenovgrad

Melnik from the Melnik region

For white wine lovers, Chardonnay and Traminer from Veliki Preslav are among the best in the country.

Customs and Travel Regulations

If you’re traveling within the European Union (EU), you can legally bring the following from Bulgaria:

10 liters of spirits

90 liters of wine

110 liters of beer

However, many countries limit cigarette imports to just 200 cigarettes from Bulgaria.

You are not allowed to export antiques, artworks, coins, or items of historical value without a special permit from the Ministry of Culture.

Due to concerns about child trafficking, travelers accompanied by young children may be asked to provide documents proving their parental relationship (e.g. birth certificates or legal guardianship papers) before being allowed to leave the country.

Electricity in Bulgaria

Bulgaria uses a 220-volt electrical system, the same as most of Europe. The standard plugs are two-round-pin European style.

Visitors from the UK will need an adapter.

Visitors from the US will need both an adapter and a voltage transformer for devices that cannot handle 220 volts (like some hairdryers or chargers).

Smoking in Public Places

By law, cafés, bars, and restaurants must provide non-smoking areas. However, in reality, these areas are often small and not clearly separated. You might find yourself sitting next to smokers, even in the so-called “non-smoking” section.

If you are sensitive to smoke or strongly prefer smoke-free environments, it’s a good idea to check in advance or choose outdoor seating where available.

Arriving in Sofia by Train or Bus

Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, is connected to the rest of Europe and the country through a variety of transport options. Whether you arrive by train or by bus, here’s what to expect and how to find your way into the city center.

By Train Sofia Central Railway Station

Sofia’s Central Railway Station (Tsentralna Gara) is open daily from 05:00 to 24:00. The building is a large, grey concrete structure located about 20 minutes on foot north of the city center. Although not the most welcoming place, it has the basic facilities most travelers need.

Facilities

Left luggage options: You can store bags in coin-operated lockers in the basement (2 leva for 24 hours), or in a left luggage office (garderob) located just off the east side of the main ticket hall (open 06:00–23:00; 2 leva per item).

ATMs, money exchange kiosks, fast food outlets, and small bars are also available Customized Tour Bulgaria.

Caution: Be careful of pickpockets, especially in the nearby underpass and waiting areas.

Getting to the City Center

The cheapest way to reach central Sofia is by tram. Tram No. 1 or 7 stops opposite the station forecourt. Walk through the underground underpass to reach the tram platform. Tickets cost 0.70 leva and can be bought at kiosks or from the driver.

Get off at Ploshtad Sveta Nedelya, close to many central hotels and attractions. You’ll know you’re there when you see the Balkan Sheraton Hotel on your left.

If you prefer a taxi, be careful. Many drivers outside the station may overcharge or refuse to use the meter. It’s safer to walk 200 meters east to the nearby bus station, where taxi services are more reliable.

By Bus Sofia Central Bus Station

Most international and domestic buses arrive at the Central Bus Station (Tsentralna Avtogara), located about 200 meters east of the train station. Unlike the train station, this terminal is modern, clean, and well-organized.

Facilities

Toilets, shops, cafes, a pharmacy, and an ATM.

A 24-hour left luggage office (garderob) is located in the main hall. Prices range from 1 to 3 leva, depending on the size of your bag.

Getting to the City Center

You can either:

Walk 15–20 minutes south along Maria Luiza Boulevard, or

Walk 200 meters west to the railway station and catch tram No. 1 or 7 into the center.

There is also a taxi booking office next to the main exit, where you can arrange a reliable ride.

Other Bus Stops Trafik Market Terminal

Some international buses arrive at the Trafik Market terminal, which is located between the central bus and train stations. This is basically a parking lot with a few ticket offices and small cafes—there are no major facilities here.

If you arrive at Trafik Market, you will need to walk to either the train station or bus station nearby for access to transport, taxis, and traveler services.

Final Tips for a Smooth Arrival

Always buy public transport tickets before boarding, and don’t forget to get a separate ticket for large luggage.

Avoid unlicensed taxis—use official taxi stands or booking offices.

Exchange only a small amount of money at the station for immediate needs, as rates are better in the city.

Bulgaria’s Top Winter Ski Resort

While Mount Vitosha near Sofia offers enjoyable and low-cost skiing for beginners and casual skiers, it doesn’t match the full experience available at Bansko, Bulgaria’s number one winter resort. Located 150 km southeast of Sofia, Bansko is easy to reach and offers a wide range of both on-piste (ski slope) and off-piste (freestyle and backcountry) activities.

Bansko is well developed and welcoming to tourists, with modern ski facilities, cozy hotels, traditional restaurants, and a lively après-ski scene. Whether you’re a beginner or an advanced skier, the resort has something for everyone—including snowboarding, snowshoeing, spa visits, and cultural tours in the old town Coastal Bulgaria Holidays.

If you’re planning a trip, don’t miss the “Bansko In Your Pocket” guide. It provides detailed local information, including where to stay, eat, and what to see. To access it, visit www.inyourpocket.com and click on “Bansko.”

Arriving in Sofia First Impressions

Your first few minutes in Sofia, Bulgaria’s capital, might feel a bit overwhelming—especially if you don’t read Cyrillic (the local alphabet) and if airport staff aren’t too eager to speak English. But don’t worry! A little patience and a good sense of humor will go a long way in helping you settle in smoothly.

Getting to Sofia by Plane

Sofia International Airport is located about 10 km east of the city center. The airport has two terminals:

Terminal 1: Older and used mainly by low-cost carriers.

Terminal 2: Modern and more frequently used by national and international airlines.

Both terminals have cafés, car rental desks, ATMs, and currency exchange booths. However, exchange rates at the airport are usually poor, so only exchange enough money for basic needs like transport.

Getting to the City Center

Avoid taxi scams by skipping the people who approach you inside the airport. Instead, go directly to the official yellow taxi rank outside the terminal. A trip to the city center should cost no more than 10 Bulgarian leva (around €5).

Another option is to take the public bus:

Bus 84 from Terminal 1

Bus 284 from Terminal 2

Both buses go to Orlov Most near the city center and run every 10 to 15 minutes from 05:00 to 23:00. Tickets cost 0.70 leva if bought from the kiosk by the stop, or 0.80 leva from the driver. If you have large luggage, you must buy an extra ticket per bag, or you may face a fine if checked by inspectors.

Final Tips

Sofia may seem unfamiliar at first, but it’s a welcoming city full of history, culture, and charm. Whether you’re passing through on your way to Bansko or staying for a few days, you’ll find plenty to discover in Bulgaria’s growing travel scene.

Bansko Bulgaria’s Top Winter Resort

While Sofia’s Mount Vitosha offers fun and affordable skiing for a day trip, it doesn’t match the variety and excitement found in Bansko, Bulgaria’s leading winter resort. Located about 150 km southeast of Sofia, Bansko is easy to reach and well worth the trip.

If you’re planning a visit, make sure to check out the brand new “Bansko In Your Pocket” guide. It has all the essential info you’ll need for your trip. You can also visit www.inyourpocket.com and click on “Bansko” to learn more.

Sofia in Winter A City Break That’s Gaining Popularity

When people think of a winter vacation, they usually imagine visiting galleries, browsing museums, and doing some seasonal shopping. Sofia might not be the first city that comes to mind, but that’s starting to change Coastal Bulgaria Holidays.

The Bulgarian capital is quickly becoming a great off-season destination. Each month, more attractions in the city are gaining “must-see” status, making Sofia an exciting option for winter travelers.

Revamped Museums Worth Visiting

Sofia’s National Archaeological Museum has transformed from a dull place full of old artifacts into one of Europe’s best historical collections. Visitors can now enjoy beautifully arranged rooms filled with stunning treasures from Bulgaria’s long past.

Even better, the Military History Museum had a major upgrade in 2007. It is now a modern, tourist-friendly museum that takes visitors on a journey through over 150 years of Bulgarian military history. It’s a top spot for history lovers.

Shopping in Sofia Unique and Unexpected

Sofia is experiencing a retail transformation. While it’s not packed with high-end international fashion chains, it offers something different: quirky, unusual, and sometimes bizarre Bulgarian-made products.

If you’re interested in local crafts and one-of-a-kind items you won’t find anywhere else, our Shopping Guide on page 56 is a great place to start. It’s not about fashion trends—it’s about discovering something unique.

Ice Skating A Seasonal Highlight

Winter fun in Sofia doesn’t stop indoors. A popular outdoor activity during the cold months is ice skating. Temporary ice rinks appear around the city, adding a festive spirit to the downtown area.

One of the most visited rinks is right in front of the National Theatre, offering a magical atmosphere surrounded by beautiful buildings. Another favorite is the new rink at Lake Ariana, located in the northeast corner of Borisova Gradina Park. Both are perfect for enjoying the winter charm of Sofia.

City or Slopes – Bulgaria Has It All

Whether you’re drawn to the snowy slopes of Bansko or the cultural charm of Sofia, Bulgaria offers great value and variety for winter travelers. From skiing and skating to museums and shopping, there’s something for everyone this season.

Sofia A Surprising Winter City Break

When people think of a typical winter holiday, they imagine visiting art galleries, exploring museums, and shopping in cozy local stores. Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, might not be the first city that comes to mind. But that’s starting to change.

In recent years, Sofia has been growing into a stronger and more attractive city break destination—even during the off-season. Month by month, more tourists are discovering the city’s rich history, culture, and unique shopping experiences.

A Museum Makeover From Boring to Brilliant

One of the biggest improvements in Sofia is its museums. The National Archaeological Museum, once considered dull and dusty, has completely transformed. It’s now home to one of the most fascinating collections in Europe. Visitors can enjoy a room-by-room journey through centuries of beautiful and rare historical treasures Coastal Bulgaria Holidays.

Another great success story is the Military History Museum, which was completely renovated in 2007. It used to feel old-fashioned, but now it offers a modern, well-organized look at 150 years of Bulgarian history. With displays of uniforms, weapons, and military equipment, it’s both educational and engaging for tourists.

Shopping Quirky, Unique, and Ever-Changing

Sofia is also going through a retail revolution. While it may not yet be a fashion capital, it’s quickly becoming a great place for unusual shopping. If you’re looking for big international fashion brands, Sofia might not be your top choice. However, if you enjoy finding unique, strange, or handmade Bulgarian items, this is the place to explore.

Sofia’s small shops are filled with one-of-a-kind products, local crafts, and surprising finds you’re unlikely to see anywhere else. Our shopping guide (see page 56) offers a list of places where you can discover something truly different.

Winter Fun Ice Skating in the City

Winter in Sofia isn’t just about indoor activities. One of the most enjoyable things to do outdoors is ice skating. Temporary ice rinks pop up all around the city during the colder months, bringing seasonal fun to locals and tourists alike.

One of the most popular rinks is right in front of the National Theatre, creating a beautiful setting for skaters of all ages. Another crowd favorite is the brand-new ice rink at Lake Ariana, located in the northeast corner of Borisova Gradina Park. These rinks are a perfect way to enjoy Sofia’s winter atmosphere.

Visit Sofia This Winter

Sofia might not have the fame of other European capitals, but it offers plenty of charm, culture, and fun—especially in winter. With improved museums, exciting shopping, and festive outdoor activities, the Bulgarian capital is quickly becoming a must-visit destination for winter travelers.

Felix Kanitz’s Journey Through Bulgaria

In 1860, Felix Kanitz first came to Bulgaria. A few years later, the country became the main focus of his travels and scientific work. He studied Bulgaria in many ways—archaeologically, historically, geographically, ethnographically, and cartographically. In simple terms, Kanitz explored the country’s past, culture, people, and land.

Sharing the Bulgarian Story with the West

Along with his research, Kanitz wrote many articles for the Western audience. He shared truthful and detailed information about the life of the Bulgarian people, especially during their struggle for national liberation from the Ottoman Empire. His writings helped the rest of Europe learn about Bulgaria’s culture and hopes for freedom Coastal Bulgaria Holidays.

Many Visits and Difficult Travels

Between 1862 and 1874, Kanitz traveled to Bulgaria several times. He crossed the Balkan Mountains 18 times—an impressive achievement, especially considering the hard conditions and lack of modern transport. Despite these challenges, he continued his deep studies and research.

During these travels, he collected information for his most famous work, “Danube Bulgaria and the Balkans”, which was published in 1878 in Leipzig. This book was beautifully illustrated by Kanitz himself and received a lot of attention both in Bulgaria and abroad. The book is still considered one of the most valuable historical and ethnographic studies about 19th-century Bulgaria.

Recognition and Respect

Kanitz’s book showed the creativity, strength, and potential of the Bulgarian people. He believed that they had a bright future ahead. His studies were based on real evidence and observations, which helped many Europeans understand and respect Bulgaria.

Kanitz also created one of the most accurate maps of Bulgaria at that time. This map included all ethnic Bulgarian areas—Moesia, Thrace, and Macedonia—which made it very important and respected among scholars.

A True Friend of Bulgaria

Felix Kanitz supported the Bulgarian national movement and remained a loyal friend of the country even after its liberation from Ottoman rule in 1878. He continued to follow Bulgaria’s development until his death on December 22, 1903.

An Artist as Well as a Scientist

Besides being a scientist, Kanitz was a skilled artist and engraver. He made many pencil sketches and watercolor paintings (called “wateredors”) that showed the natural beauty of Bulgarian cities, mountains, rivers, and villages. These images give us a real sense of what Bulgaria looked like in the 19th century.

His Legacy Lives On

Years later, Kanitz’s nephew, Jacques Kanitz, donated many of his uncle’s original drawings and archives to the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Thanks to this donation, many of Felix Kanitz’s artworks have been shared with the Bulgarian public and continue to be admired to this day.

Felix Kanitz – A True Friend of Bulgaria

Felix Kanitz was a Hungarian painter, journalist, and explorer who dedicated his life to studying the people of the Balkans, especially the Bulgarians. He is best known for his important work “Danube Bulgaria and the Balkans”, written in the early 1860s. Through his writings, he showed great admiration and respect for the Bulgarian people.

Breaking Stereotypes About Bulgarians

At the time, many Europeans believed that Bulgarians were lazy and unskilled. However, Kanitz strongly disagreed. He was amazed by the hardworking spirit and skills of the people. He wrote:

“In Europe, they think the Bulgarians are lazy, but to my great surprise, I saw towns and villages full of life and special crafts. In one town, people made only belts and knives. In another, they focused on metalwork, pottery, or woodcarving. Elsewhere, they produced fine linen, rugs, and braids Coastal Bulgaria Holidays.”

Kanitz was so impressed that he predicted Bulgaria would become a strong industrial country in the Balkans one day.

Love for Bulgarian Nature and Art

Kanitz was not only a writer but also a talented artist. He created many detailed and beautiful drawings of the Bulgarian countryside, especially in northern Bulgaria. His artwork captures the beauty of nature, as well as daily life and customs of the Bulgarian people in the 19th century.

Early Life and Education

Felix Kanitz was born on August 2, 1829, in the old part of Budapest, Hungary. He came from a large merchant family. As a child, he loved painting and dreamed of becoming an artist. However, his parents wanted him to become a musician because of his natural musical talent. He even studied the violin and was a classmate of the famous Hungarian violinist Joseph Joachim.

Still, his passion for art was stronger. At age 13, in 1842, Kanitz graduated from an art school and became an engraver apprentice for artist Vince Grimm. He worked there for four years and developed his skills as a capable artist.

Life in Vienna and Travels in the Balkans

In 1847, Kanitz moved to Vienna, Austria, where he lived for the rest of his life. He worked as a journalist and illustrator for the German magazine Illustrirte Zeitung in Leipzig. This job allowed him to travel across Europe, especially in the Balkan countries. Among all the places he visited, Bulgaria captured his heart the most.

Kanitz noticed how little Europe knew about the Balkans, so he began to study and share what he learned. He focused on the culture, traditions, and everyday life of the Balkan peoples, making his works valuable for both history and anthropology.

A Lasting Legacy

Felix Kanitz is remembered as one of the first Europeans to truly appreciate and understand the Bulgarian people. His work helped change the way Europe saw Bulgaria. Today, his writings and drawings remain an important record of Bulgarian history and culture in the 19th century.

Destruction of Bulgarian Villages

The Carnegie Commission summarized the actions of the Greek Army with the following findings:

“Systematically and in cold blood, the Greeks burned one hundred and sixty Bulgarian villages and destroyed at least 16,000 Bulgarian homes.”

The Murder of the Vicar of the Bulgarian Archbishop

Another terrible act was the murder of the Vicar of the Bulgarian Archbishop of Salonica, Archimandrite Eulogius. He was known to be a highly educated man and a patriot with noble and elevated views. His death marked another tragic incident in the conflict Guided Turkey Tours .

The Greek Army’s actions were marked by brutality and destruction against Bulgarian civilians. The letters and reports from the Carnegie Commission provide strong evidence of systematic violence and the killing of non-combatants, including women, children, and prisoners. The destruction of Bulgarian villages and homes was widespread, and even religious figures were not spared from violence.

The Murder of the Greek Bishops and the Conduct of the Greek Army

The Death of the Greek Bishops

The Carnegie Commission confirms that one Greek Bishop, the Bishop of Demir-Hissar, was killed. However, the claim that four Greek Bishops were murdered is not supported by evidence.

Brutal Actions of Greek Soldiers

The Carnegie Commission reports that European witnesses saw Greek soldiers behaving brutally.

Fifteen wounded Bulgarian soldiers took refuge in the Catholic Convent of Paliortsi, near Gheogeli, where they were cared for by the nuns Guided Turkey Tours .

Father Alloati, a priest, informed the Greek Commandant about the soldiers, prompting a search of the convent for a Bulgarian band leader named Arghyr, who was not there.

During the search:

Father Trepitche, a Bulgarian Catholic Priest, and the Armenian doctor of the convent were severely flogged in front of the Greek officers.

A Greek soldier attempted to rape a nun.

A sum of 300 Turkish pounds was stolen.

Five Bulgarian women and a young girl were tortured.

Many peasants were arrested without reason.

The Greek officer in charge threatened to kill Father Alloati and burn down the convent.

The Carnegie Commission comments that if such actions could happen in a building protected by the French flag, then it is likely that Bulgarian peasants suffered far worse.

The Discovery of Greek Soldiers’ Letters

On July 27th, the Bulgarians captured the baggage of the Greek 19th Infantry Regiment at Dobrinichte. Among the items found were letters written by Greek soldiers, which were mostly stamped with the regimental postal mark.

The Carnegie Commission carefully examined these letters and concluded:

The letters were genuine and confirmed the actions and thoughts of the Greek soldiers at the time.

The Carnegie Commission describes serious mistreatment and violence committed by the Greek soldiers, including attacks on civilians, priests, and nuns. The letters discovered provided further evidence of the tensions and cruelty during the conflict.

The Fate of Prisoners and the Greek Accusations

Description of the Prisoners

The Carnegie Commission describes the majority of the prisoners as harmless tradesmen or peasants who were punished simply for being Bulgarians. Among the victims were four women, who were killed along with the rest.

These victims were arrested and imprisoned under the authority of the Greek Archbishop.

Greek Accusations About Demir-Hissar

The Greek accusations regarding Demir-Hissar were used by King Constantine as a reason to send a telegram ordering reprisals against the Bulgarians. The Carnegie Commission points out that the Greek excesses (violent actions) began days before the Demir-Hissar event, in and around Kukush Guided Turkey Tours .

What Happened at Demir-Hissar

The Bulgarian army, defeated in the south, was retreating through Demir-Hissar toward a narrow pass called Struma.

The Greeks in Demir-Hissar saw the Bulgarian confusion and decided to attack.

They attacked the Bulgarian wounded, the baggage trains, and fleeing peasants.

However, the Greeks acted too early, exposing themselves to Bulgarian reprisals.

When the Greek army arrived, they found a scene of carnage and horror. The Greek inhabitants had killed defenseless Bulgarians, and the Bulgarian rearguard took revenge.

Casualties and Responsibility

The Bulgarians report that around 250 Bulgarians were killed.

The Greeks report that 71 Greeks were killed.

The Bulgarians claim that the Greek Bishop led the attack and fired the first shot.

The Carnegie Commission finds nothing improbable in this claim, and the Greeks admit that the Bishop resisted arrest.

The Carnegie Commission shows that both sides suffered losses, but the events in Demir-Hissar were sparked by the early Greek attack and the Bulgarian reprisals that followed. The Commission notes the violence that occurred on both sides during this difficult period.

Massacre at Doxato and the Events at Serres

The Doxato Massacre Not a Bulgarian Atrocity

The Carnegie Commission states that they do not hesitate to say that the massacre at Doxato was not a Bulgarian crime, but a Turkish one.

Events in Serres

On July 5th, the Bulgarian troops withdrew from Serres, and the Greek Archbishop took control of the town. He planned to defend it with Greek irregulars and armed citizens Guided Turkey Tours .

The Bulgarian population in the town was hunted down, and over 200 people were taken to the Bishop’s Palace.

From there, they were moved to a Greek school, where they were tortured and killed in groups.

Bulgarian Effort to Return to Serres

The Bulgarians, worried about large stores of ammunition left in the town and rumors of the massacre at the school, decided to return.

On July 11th, Commandant Kirpikoff led the Bulgarian troops to Serres. They defeated the Greek militia outside the town.

As the Bulgarians entered, they were met with heavy fire from several Greek-held houses. The Bulgarians used their artillery to respond, and the town was set on fire in several areas.

In the afternoon, the Greek main army arrived and shelled the town. The Bulgarians were forced to retreat once again.

The Carnegie Commission criticized both the Bulgarians and Greeks for using artillery on an unfortified town.

The Fate of Bulgarian Prisoners

When the Bulgarian troops attacked Serres on July 11th, there were still about 60-70 Bulgarian prisoners alive in the schoolhouse.

The Greek guards attempted to finish killing the prisoners but did so poorly. Eight wounded prisoners managed to escape and reached the Bulgarian troops.

The Commission interviewed three of these survivors, who had fresh scars from their wounds. The Commission described their injuries as being like those a butcher would inflict while trying to slaughter animals.

The Carnegie Commission highlighted the violence on both sides and emphasized the brutality of the Greek actions towards the Bulgarian prisoners. The use of artillery on a non-fortified town and the inhumane treatment of prisoners were condemned by the Commission as actions that should never occur in civilized warfare.

O'Mahony's Second Letter

St. Patrick’s Orphanage,

23, Rue Gladstone,

Sophia, Bulgaria

The Carnegie Commission’s Report – Bulgaria’s Wish for Arbitration with Serbia – The Treaty of Bucharest

In a previous letter, I mentioned the treaty made between Serbia and Bulgaria before the war of 1912. This treaty divided Macedonia into two parts. One part was clearly recognized as Bulgarian, while the other part was disputed, with both Serbia and Bulgaria claiming it. If they couldn’t reach an agreement, the matter was to be taken to the Tsar of Russia for arbitration Turkey Sightseeing.

The Carnegie Commission’s Findings

According to the Carnegie Commission’s report, the most important point of the treaty was to clearly define the borders. A detailed map was even attached to the treaty showing the agreed-upon line (see Appendix).

Serbia’s Disregard for the Treaty

The Carnegie Commission report also makes it clear that Serbia never intended to follow this treaty from the very start. When the war against Turkey began, Bulgaria had to send most of her army to fight the main Turkish forces in Thrace, leaving Serbia and Greece to handle the liberation of Macedonia.

For years, Bulgarian revolutionary groups had fought against Turkish oppression, but they had never received help from Greece or Serbia. In fact, they were often opposed by these countries because they were Bulgarians. Initially, these revolutionary groups fought alongside Serbia and Greece against the Turks. But as the Turkish forces were pushed back, both Serbia and Greece turned against the Bulgarians, pushing them aside under the pretext of trying to establish order.

Peace Built on Broken Treaties

The peace in Europe, after the Balkan War, was based on two broken treaties. The Concert of Europe, which was supposed to ensure peace based on the Treaty of Berlin, has spent recent years ignoring it. Instead of keeping the peace, the European powers have focused on breaking it. The Concert of Europe has repeatedly failed at honest diplomacy because of the rival ambitions and conflicting interests of powerful nations who are all heavily armed.

The Failure of Diplomacy

Before the Balkan War, the Concert of Europe declared that no matter who won the war, neither side would be allowed to gain any land or benefits. But this was just an empty promise.

Instead, the Treaty of Berlin was ignored and torn apart by Austria, Italy, Romania, and the Balkan States. Other agreements, like the one between Serbia and Bulgaria, and the agreement made between Romania and Bulgaria in Petrograd, were also violated. Even the Treaty of London, which was supposed to ensure peace, ended up in the trash Turkey Sightseeing.

Turkey’s Disregard for Europe

Turkey completely ignored the protests from the European Powers, treating them with contempt. This situation paints a very humiliating picture for Europe. The great powers, who were supposed to be the protectors of peace, watched passively as the smaller nations were betrayed and taken advantage of.

Bulgaria’s Struggle

The bravest and most freedom-loving people in the Balkans were attacked by their former allies, with the help of an old friend. Bulgaria was abandoned by the Slav Powers and forced to demobilize, leaving it defenseless and isolated. Bulgaria had to try to negotiate with Turkey to secure what little was left of the Treaty of London, which had been dishonestly broken.

Europe’s Consequences

Europe’s failure to act fairly has led to its own downfall. As the saying goes, “you reap what you sow.” The Concert of Europe sowed chaos, and now it faces the consequences.

The Start of the War

The war in the Balkan States against Turkey began as a war for freedom and liberation. However, it ended up becoming a war of control and domination. Before the war started, Serbia and Bulgaria signed a treaty that divided Macedonia into two parts.

The larger southern and eastern part was recognized as Bulgarian and was uncontested.

The smaller north-western part was a disputed area, and it was decided that it would be resolved later. If Serbia and Bulgaria couldn’t agree, the issue would be decided by Russia’s Tsar Sightseeing Turkey.

Serbia’s Actions Against Bulgaria

Before the second war began, Serbia made it clear that it didn’t intend to follow the treaty. Serbia took actions against Bulgaria, such as:

Closing Bulgarian schools

Arresting Bulgarians

Expelling Bulgarian priests and bishops

Russia’s Involvement

Before the second war, Russia’s ambassador in Belgrade, Monsieur Hartwig, was asked to help Serbia and Bulgaria come to an agreement for the sake of peace in the Balkans. He responded by saying:

“I care nothing for the Balkan States; I am working for my country. Serbia must be strong. Bulgaria has been flirting with Austria and cannot be trusted. Bulgaria must give way in everything.”

This is how Russian diplomacy was carried out during the second war.

Romania’s Invasion of Bulgaria

Romania was allowed to invade Bulgaria without any reason. Romania took control of Dobrudja, the richest part of Bulgarian territory, in violation of Bulgaria’s national rights and a recent agreement made in Petrograd. This agreement had been signed by all the ambassadors, and it hadn’t even been fully finalized when Romania took action.

The Treaty of Bucharest

The Treaty of Bucharest, which was forced upon Bulgaria, was signed when Bulgaria was in a very weak position. Bulgaria was betrayed and abandoned by its allies, and the treaty was seen as an unfair peace, made when Bulgaria was “bleeding” from the earlier conflicts.

O'Mahony Letters on the Balkans in 1914

First Letter: The Bulgarian and Serbian Treaty Before the War of 1912

November 2nd, 1914

Great Britain’s Declaration of War

Great Britain declared war on Germany because Germany broke a treaty, and by doing so, Britain gained eternal honor. In 1913, Bulgaria was forced to go to war with Serbia because Serbia broke a treaty. So, are treaties made by Great Powers more important than treaties made by smaller countries?

The Problem with Small Nations and Treaties

Since the Treaty of Berlin, which was one of the worst decisions in modern European history, the freedom of small nations has been ignored, and promises made to them have been broken. Military power and territorial greed have shaped the decisions of Europe’s leaders Sightseeing Turkey.

When Germany took control of Alsace and Lorraine, it made war between France and Germany inevitable. Similarly, if the Treaty of San Stefano had been respected, Bulgaria would have grown stronger and acted as a defense against aggression from more powerful neighbors.

The Treaty of Berlin’s Impact

The Treaty of Berlin placed the mainly Bulgarian population of Macedonia back under Turkish control. It also split the Bulgarian race into two smaller states. This decision put the Balkans at the mercy of powerful neighboring countries, and it set the stage for war between Austria and Russia, a war that was only a matter of time.

Britain’s Responsibility

Great Britain, which played a leading role in the Treaty of Berlin, bears a heavy responsibility for the division of the Bulgarian people. This responsibility still affects Britain more than any other European country today.

The Seizure of Dobrudja by Romania

After the war of liberation, Bulgaria’s former allies turned against her. Romania, who didn’t participate in the war, took control of Dobrudja, which was the richest part of Bulgarian land. This land had been part of Bulgaria since its liberation in 1878.

The Impact on Churches and Priests

Dobrudja was home to parts of two Bulgarian dioceses. It had 67 churches, and 53 priests served in them. The priests were forced to hold church services in Slavonic and Romanian, even though neither the priests nor the people understood Romanian. Those priests who refused were expelled from their jobs. The priests were also put under the authority of a Romanian bishop, and over time, Romanian priests replaced the Bulgarian ones.

The Impact on Schools

When Romania took over Dobrudja, there were:

Two High Schools with 17 teachers.

11 Secondary Schools with 79 teachers.

175 Primary Schools with 320 teachers.

Romania seized all the school buildings and dismissed most of the teachers. The only schools that remained were one primary school in each of the following towns: Silistra, Baltchik, Tontrakan, Dobritch, and Kavama. This is the kind of freedom given to the Bulgarian nationality in the land taken by Romania Sightseeing Turkey.

The Need for Change After the War

If the outcome of the current war is meant to support Mr. Asquith’s views from his speech in Dublin, the Treaty of Bucharest must be changed completely. Only then can Bulgaria have the space to live freely and develop its national identity.

Mr. Asquith's Statement on Smaller Nationalities

Recently, in Dublin, Mr. Asquith spoke about one of the main reasons for the current war. He said:

“It means that room must be made and kept for smaller nationalities to exist and develop freely, each with its own identity.”

The Corporate Consciousness of the Bulgarian People

The list of Churches, Priests, Schools, and Scholars in the areas liberated by the Allies shows the identity (or corporate consciousness) of the Bulgarian people in those regions. The Treaty of Bucharest gave parts of this land to Greece and Serbia, leading to the suppression of this Bulgarian identity in those areas Sightseeing Turkey.

To understand the importance of this list, we need to remember that after Bulgaria became stronger following its liberation, Turkey tried to stop its growth in Macedonia. Turkey did this by closing many Bulgarian schools and churches. This persecution became even worse with the massacres of 1903, which mainly targeted Bulgarians and, sadly, were supported by the Greeks in some cases.

The Loss of Bulgarian Territories

Additionally, Turkey took back a large part of the land that was given to Bulgaria by the Treaty of Bucharest. This land once had:

83 Priests

81 Churches

184 Teachers

99 Schools

5,597 Scholars

When the Turks regained control of this area, almost all Bulgarians fled, except for a few in Adrianople and Kirk Kiiisse. These people were not allowed to return by the Turks.

The Loss of Bulgarian Influence in Freed Territories

Of the territory freed by the Treaty of London, where the Bulgarian race’s identity was shown through:

1,310 Priests

1,331 Churches

294 Chapels

1,373 Schools

2,266 Teachers

78,854 Scholars

Bulgaria has lost land that had:

1,029 Priests

1,058 Churches

147 Chapels

67 Monasteries

1,035 Schools

1,778 Teachers

60,549 Scholars

The Fate of Bulgarians in Turkey, Greece, and Serbia

In Turkey, there are almost no Bulgarians left. In Greece and Serbia, the churches and schools have been taken over, and Bulgarians are no longer served by their own priests. The younger generation is not allowed to learn in their own language anymore.